The Mesa del Caballo plate. Relief from Copernicus GLO-30; rivers and lakes from USGS NHD; watersheds from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset; roads and city limits from Census TIGER 2024.
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82° on Nov. 14, 1999, the hottest reading for this week of the year since 1940. Next is 79° in 1995.
Mesa del Caballo’s center stands about 5,180 ft above sea level. Within three miles the land runs from 4,670 ft to 5,320 ft, a difference of 650 ft: hilly country. The highest named summit within 15 miles is Baker Butte, about 8,060 ft, 12 miles north-northwest.
Under the town center the state geologic map shows Mississippian, Devonian, and Cambrian sedimentary rocks (sandstone, shale, limestone), from the Early Cambrian to Late Mississippian, 330 to 540 million years old.
The section below crosses 5 rock units mapped at the surface.
Heights every 0.1 mile from the Copernicus GLO-90 surface model; vertical exaggeration about 4×. The colored band under the surface is the rock the state geologic map shows at the surface, not a picture of what lies beneath.
Granite, granodiorite, tonalite. Age: Paleoproterozoic, 1.6 to 1.8 billion years old. About 10 mi of the line.
Sandstone, shale, limestone. Age: Early Cambrian to Late Mississippian, 330 to 540 million years old. About 6 mi of the line.
Sandstone, shale, limestone. Age: Middle Pennsylvanian to Permian, 280 to 310 million years old. About 3 mi of the line.
Sandstone, limestone. Age: Permian, 270 to 280 million years old. About 3 mi of the line.
Conglomerate, sandstone. Age: Early Miocene to Pleistocene, 2 to 16 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
From the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation (Horton and others, 2017), the states’ geologic maps joined at a common scale.
Heights from Copernicus GLO-90 (a surface model: it includes buildings and tree canopy); summits from USGS GNIS; rivers from USGS NHDPlus HR; rock from the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation.
A raindrop that lands in Mesa del Caballo reaches the Gulf of California by way of the East Verde, the Verde, the Salt River, the Gila and the Colorado: about 490 river miles.
200 miles of the trip are on the Gila.
Often dry. About 50% of the way is mapped as streams that run only after rain or snowmelt; the water makes the whole trip in floods.
Seldom reaches the sea. Dams and canals now take nearly all of the Colorado before its old delta in Mexico.
Traced down the USGS NHDPlus V2.1 river network from the Census center point of Mesa del Caballo; river miles along the main stem, rounded.
Mesa del Caballo has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate. Summer afternoons average 93° in July; winter nights fall to about 26° in January. A normal year brings about 18 inches of snow; with the rain, that comes to about 20 inches of water.
On November 14 Mesa del Caballo normally reaches 65° and falls to 31°. The record high is 82°, in 1999; the record low 20°, in 1971. The most rain on this date, 0.85 in, fell in 1993.
Normals 1991–2020 and records since 1940 at Payson, 5 miles southwest, 330 ft lower. NOAA, through RCC-ACIS.
