The Nogales plate. Relief from Copernicus GLO-30; rivers and lakes from USGS NHD; watersheds from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset; roads and city limits from Census TIGER 2024.
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3.10 inches of rain fell in two days, the most for this week of the year since records began in 1952. The next wettest, 1.33 inches, fell in 1959.
Nogales’s center stands about 3,850 ft above sea level. Within three miles the land runs from 3,720 ft to 4,440 ft, a difference of 720 ft: hilly country. The highest named summit within 15 miles is Mount Washington, about 7,170 ft, 12 miles east.
Under the town center the state geologic map shows Middle Miocene to Oligocene sedimentary rocks (conglomerate, sandstone), from the Early Oligocene to Late Miocene, 11 to 32 million years old.
The section below crosses 4 rock units mapped at the surface.
Heights every 0.1 mile from the Copernicus GLO-90 surface model; vertical exaggeration about 9×. The colored band under the surface is the rock the state geologic map shows at the surface, not a picture of what lies beneath.
Conglomerate, sandstone. Age: Early Oligocene to Late Miocene, 11 to 32 million years old. About 7 mi of the line.
Conglomerate, sandstone. Age: Early Miocene to Pleistocene, 2 to 16 million years old. About 4 mi of the line.
Diorite, alkali-granite, granodiorite. Age: Early Jurassic to Late Jurassic, 150 to 180 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
Granite, granodiorite, diorite. Age: Late Cretaceous to Early Eocene, 50 to 82 million years old. About 1 mi of the line.
From the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation (Horton and others, 2017), the states’ geologic maps joined at a common scale.
Heights from Copernicus GLO-90 (a surface model: it includes buildings and tree canopy); summits from USGS GNIS; rivers from USGS NHDPlus HR; rock from the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation.
Nogales has a cold semi-arid climate. Summer afternoons average 97° in June; winter nights fall to about 28° in January. About 16 inches of rain fall in a normal year.
On November 14 Nogales normally reaches 74° and falls to 35°. The record high is 88°, in 2017; the record low 22°, in 1961. The most rain on this date, 0.73 in, fell in 1959.
Normals 1991–2020 and records since 1952 at Nogales 6 N, 8 miles north-northwest, 390 ft lower. NOAA, through RCC-ACIS.
