The Palominas plate. Relief from Copernicus GLO-30; rivers and lakes from USGS NHD; watersheds from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset; roads and city limits from Census TIGER 2024.
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22° on Nov. 14, 2018, the coldest reading for this week of the year since 1982. Next is 25° in 1985.
Palominas’s center stands about 4,240 ft above sea level. Within three miles the land runs from 4,180 ft to 4,410 ft, a difference of 230 ft: rolling country. The highest named summit within 15 miles is Miller Peak, about 9,410 ft, 10 miles west.
Under the town center the state geologic map shows Holocene surficial deposits (silt, clay), from the Holocene, less than 10,000 years old.
The section below crosses 7 rock units mapped at the surface.
Heights every 0.1 mile from the Copernicus GLO-90 surface model; vertical exaggeration about 5×. The colored band under the surface is the rock the state geologic map shows at the surface, not a picture of what lies beneath.
Sand, silt, clay. Age: Pleistocene to Holocene, less than 2 million years old. About 15 mi of the line.
Rhyolite, sandstone, conglomerate. Age: Early Jurassic to Late Jurassic, 160 to 200 million years old. About 4 mi of the line.
Silt, clay. Age: Holocene, less than 10,000 years old. About 2 mi of the line.
Conglomerate, sandstone. Age: Early Miocene to Pleistocene, 2 to 16 million years old. About 1 mi of the line.
Diorite, alkali-granite, granodiorite. Age: Early Jurassic to Late Jurassic, 150 to 180 million years old. About 1 mi of the line.
Sandstone, shale, limestone. Age: Middle Pennsylvanian to Permian, 280 to 310 million years old. About 0.6 mi of the line.
From the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation (Horton and others, 2017), the states’ geologic maps joined at a common scale. 1 smaller unit along the line are not listed.
Heights from Copernicus GLO-90 (a surface model: it includes buildings and tree canopy); summits from USGS GNIS; rivers from USGS NHDPlus HR; rock from the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation.
A raindrop that lands in Palominas reaches the Gulf of California by way of the San Pedro, the Gila and the Colorado: about 610 river miles.
330 miles of the trip are on the Gila.
Often dry. About 60% of the way is mapped as streams that run only after rain or snowmelt; the water makes the whole trip in floods.
Seldom reaches the sea. Dams and canals now take nearly all of the Colorado before its old delta in Mexico.
Traced down the USGS NHDPlus V2.1 river network from the Census center point of Palominas; river miles along the main stem, rounded.
Palominas has a cold semi-arid climate. Summer afternoons average 94° in June; winter nights fall to about 30° in January. About 13 inches of rain fall in a normal year.
On November 14 Palominas normally reaches 70° and falls to 37°. The record high is 86°, in 2017; the record low 22°, in 2018. The most rain on this date, 0.39 in, fell in 2004.
Normals 1991–2020 and records since 1982 at Sierra Vista, 14 miles northwest, 370 ft higher. NOAA, through RCC-ACIS.
