The Orland plate. Relief from Copernicus GLO-30; rivers and lakes from USGS NHD; watersheds from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset; roads and city limits from Census TIGER 2024.
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24° on Nov. 13, 1985, the coldest reading for this week of the year since 1903. Next is 25° in 1978.
Orland’s center stands about 260 ft above sea level. Within three miles the land runs from 220 ft to 300 ft, a difference of 80 ft: gently rolling country. The highest named summit within 15 miles is Orland Buttes, about 1,020 ft, 7 miles west.
Under the town center the state geologic map shows Quaternary alluvium and marine deposits (coarse-detrital), from the Pleistocene to Holocene, less than 2.6 million years old.
The section below crosses 3 rock units mapped at the surface.
Heights every 0.1 mile from the Copernicus GLO-90 surface model; vertical exaggeration about 30×. The colored band under the surface is the rock the state geologic map shows at the surface, not a picture of what lies beneath.
Coarse-detrital. Age: Pleistocene to Holocene, less than 2.6 million years old. About 17 mi of the line.
Sandstone, conglomerate. Age: Miocene to Pleistocene, less than 23 million years old. About 7 mi of the line.
Sandstone, siltstone-mudstone. Age: Late Cretaceous, 66 to 100 million years old. About 0.2 mi of the line.
From the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation (Horton and others, 2017), the states’ geologic maps joined at a common scale.
Heights from Copernicus GLO-90 (a surface model: it includes buildings and tree canopy); summits from USGS GNIS; rivers from USGS NHDPlus HR; rock from the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation.
Orland has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate. Summer afternoons average 94° in July; winter nights fall to about 37° in December. About 21 inches of rain fall in a normal year.
On November 14 Orland normally reaches 66° and falls to 43°. The record high is 83°, in 2013; the record low 25°, in 1985. The most rain on this date, 2.26 in, fell in 1953.
Normals 1991–2020 and records since 1903 at Orland, here. NOAA, through RCC-ACIS.
