The Marshall plate. Relief from Copernicus GLO-30; rivers and lakes from USGS NHD; watersheds from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset; roads and city limits from Census TIGER 2024.
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2° on Nov. 13, 2019, the coldest reading for this week of the year since 1893. Next is 4° in 1959.
Marshall’s center stands about 640 ft above sea level. Within three miles the land runs from 510 ft to 650 ft, a difference of 140 ft: gently rolling country.
Under the town center the state geologic map shows Mattoon Formation (shale), from the Late Pennsylvanian, 304 to 307 million years old.
The section below crosses 4 rock units mapped at the surface.
Heights every 0.1 mile from the Copernicus GLO-90 surface model; vertical exaggeration about 54×. The colored band under the surface is the rock the state geologic map shows at the surface, not a picture of what lies beneath.
Shale. Age: Late Pennsylvanian, 304 to 307 million years old. About 11 mi of the line.
Shale, sandstone, limestone. Age: Late Pennsylvanian, 304 to 307 million years old. About 7 mi of the line.
Shale, sandstone. Age: Carboniferous, 299 to 324 million years old. About 5 mi of the line.
Shale, limestone. Age: Late Pennsylvanian, 304 to 307 million years old. About 1 mi of the line.
From the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation (Horton and others, 2017), the states’ geologic maps joined at a common scale.
Heights from Copernicus GLO-90 (a surface model: it includes buildings and tree canopy); summits from USGS GNIS; rivers from USGS NHDPlus HR; rock from the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation.
A raindrop that lands in Marshall reaches the Gulf of America by way of Big Creek, Big Bayou, the Wabash River Old Channel, the Old Channel Wabash, the Ohio and the Mississippi: about 1,290 river miles.
970 miles of the trip are on the Mississippi.
Traced down the USGS NHDPlus V2.1 river network from the Census center point of Marshall; river miles along the main stem, rounded.
Marshall has a hot-summer humid continental climate. Summer afternoons average 84° in July; winter nights fall to about 17° in January. A normal year brings about 19 inches of snow; with the rain, that comes to about 43 inches of water.
On November 14 Marshall normally reaches 51° and falls to 32°. The record high is 77°, in 1971; the record low 7°, in 2019. The most rain on this date, 3.70 in, fell in 1993.
Normals 1991–2020 and records since 1893 at Paris Stp, 16 miles north. NOAA, through RCC-ACIS.
