The Carleton plate. Relief from Copernicus GLO-30; rivers and lakes from USGS NHD; watersheds from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset; roads and city limits from Census TIGER 2024.
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7° on Nov. 13, 2019, the coldest reading for this week of the year since 1874. Next is 8° in 1933.
Carleton’s center stands about 620 ft above sea level. Within three miles the land runs from 600 ft to 670 ft, a difference of 70 ft: gently rolling country.
Under the town center the state geologic map shows Detroit River Group (dolostone), from the Middle Devonian, 384 to 394 million years old.
The section below crosses 2 rock units mapped at the surface.
Heights every 0.1 mile from the Copernicus GLO-90 surface model; vertical exaggeration about 64×. The colored band under the surface is the rock the state geologic map shows at the surface, not a picture of what lies beneath.
Dolostone. Age: Middle Devonian, 384 to 394 million years old. About 13 mi of the line.
Sandstone. Age: Early Devonian, 394 to 422 million years old. About 9 mi of the line.
From the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation (Horton and others, 2017), the states’ geologic maps joined at a common scale.
Heights from Copernicus GLO-90 (a surface model: it includes buildings and tree canopy); summits from USGS GNIS; rivers from USGS NHDPlus HR; rock from the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation.
A raindrop that lands in Carleton reaches Lake Erie by way of the Beaverdam Drain, Little Swan Creek and Swan Creek: about 11 river miles. From there it moves on through the Great Lakes, over Niagara Falls and down the St. Lawrence to the Atlantic.
Often dry. About 30% of the way is mapped as streams that run only after rain or snowmelt; the water makes the whole trip in floods.
Traced down the USGS NHDPlus V2.1 river network from the Census center point of Carleton; river miles along the main stem, rounded.
Carleton has a hot-summer humid continental climate. Summer afternoons average 84° in July; winter nights fall to about 19° in January. A normal year brings about 45 inches of snow; with the rain, that comes to about 34 inches of water.
On November 14 Carleton normally reaches 49° and falls to 34°. The record high is 70°, in 1909; the record low 13°, in 1986. The most rain on this date, 1.07 in, fell in 1957.
Normals 1991–2020 and records since 1874 from the Detroit Area threaded record (Detroit Metro Airport, 12 miles north-northeast). NOAA, through RCC-ACIS.
