The Elmira plate. Relief from Copernicus GLO-30; rivers and lakes from USGS NHD; watersheds from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset; roads and city limits from Census TIGER 2024.
Sunny
Mostly sunny; warmer
Mostly sunny
Partly cloudy
Partly cloudy
Partly cloudy
Showers likely
71° on Nov. 16, 1953, the hottest reading for this week of the year since 1886. Next is 71° in 1999.
Elmira’s center stands about 1,110 ft above sea level. Within three miles the land runs from 1,050 ft to 1,340 ft, a difference of 290 ft: rolling country. The highest named summit within 15 miles is Chance Hollow Hill, about 1,320 ft, 8 miles west.
The section below crosses 3 rock units mapped at the surface.
Heights every 0.1 mile from the Copernicus GLO-90 surface model; vertical exaggeration about 43×. The colored band under the surface is the rock the state geologic map shows at the surface, not a picture of what lies beneath.
Limestone, dolostone. Age: Late Ordovician, 445 to 459 million years old. About 10 mi of the line.
Dolostone, sandstone. Age: Early Ordovician, 471 to 487 million years old. About 9 mi of the line.
Shale, limestone, sandstone. Age: Middle Ordovician to Late Ordovician, 445 to 471 million years old. About 6 mi of the line.
From the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation (Horton and others, 2017), the states’ geologic maps joined at a common scale.
Heights from Copernicus GLO-90 (a surface model: it includes buildings and tree canopy); summits from USGS GNIS; rivers from USGS NHDPlus HR; rock from the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation.
A raindrop that lands in Elmira reaches the Gulf of America by way of Lynch Creek, the Root and the Mississippi: about 1,760 river miles.
Traced down the USGS NHDPlus V2.1 river network from the Census center point of Elmira; river miles along the main stem, rounded.
Elmira has a warm-summer humid continental climate. Summer afternoons average 80° in July; winter nights fall to about 7° in January. A normal year brings about 53 inches of snow; with the rain, that comes to about 35 inches of water.
On November 14 Elmira normally reaches 42° and falls to 26°. The record high is 69°, in 2025; the record low −5°, in 1916. The most rain on this date, 0.88 in, fell in 1973.
Normals 1991–2020 and records since 1886 from the Rochester Area threaded record (Rochester International Airport, 18 miles west, 200 ft higher). NOAA, through RCC-ACIS.
