The Willow Valley plate. Relief from Copernicus GLO-30; rivers and lakes from USGS NHD; watersheds from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset; roads and city limits from Census TIGER 2024.
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Willow Valley’s center stands about 1,330 ft above sea level. Within three miles the land runs from 1,290 ft to 1,400 ft, a difference of 110 ft: gently rolling country.
Under the town center the state geologic map shows Biotite schist of graywacke protolith, and schist-rich migmatite (biotite-schist, migmatite), from the Neoarchean, 2.5 to 2.8 billion years old.
The section below crosses 5 rock units mapped at the surface.
Heights every 0.1 mile from the Copernicus GLO-90 surface model; vertical exaggeration about 64×. The colored band under the surface is the rock the state geologic map shows at the surface, not a picture of what lies beneath.
Biotite-schist, migmatite. Age: Neoarchean, 2.5 to 2.8 billion years old. About 13 mi of the line.
Syenite, monzodiorite, granodiorite. Age: Neoarchean, 2.5 to 2.8 billion years old. About 5 mi of the line.
Metabasalt, greenstone. Age: Neoarchean, 2.5 to 2.8 billion years old. About 2 mi of the line.
Migmatite. Age: Neoarchean, 2.5 to 2.8 billion years old. About 2 mi of the line.
Felsic-volcanic. Age: Neoarchean, 2.5 to 2.8 billion years old. About 2 mi of the line.
From the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation (Horton and others, 2017), the states’ geologic maps joined at a common scale.
Heights from Copernicus GLO-90 (a surface model: it includes buildings and tree canopy); summits from USGS GNIS; rivers from USGS NHDPlus HR; rock from the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation.
A raindrop that lands in Willow Valley reaches Hudson Bay by way of the Willow, the Little Fork, the Rainy, the Winnipeg and the Nelson: about 1,030 river miles. Past the border it runs north through Canada to Hudson Bay.
Lakes on the way: Lake of the Woods and Lake Winnipeg.
400 miles of the trip are on the Nelson.
Traced down the USGS NHDPlus V2.1 river network from the Census center point of Willow Valley; river miles along the main stem, rounded.
