The Winona plate. Relief from Copernicus GLO-30; rivers and lakes from USGS NHD; watersheds from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset; roads and city limits from Census TIGER 2024.
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83° on Nov. 16, 2025, the hottest reading for this week of the year since 1893. Next is 80° in 2010.
Winona’s center stands about 920 ft above sea level. Within three miles the land runs from 870 ft to 1,150 ft, a difference of 280 ft: rolling country. The highest named summit within 15 miles is Thorny Mountain, about 1,370 ft, 10 miles northeast.
Under the town center the state geologic map shows Roubidoux Formation (sandstone, chert), from the Early Ordovician, 471 to 487 million years old.
The section below crosses 4 rock units mapped at the surface.
Heights every 0.1 mile from the Copernicus GLO-90 surface model; vertical exaggeration about 31×. The colored band under the surface is the rock the state geologic map shows at the surface, not a picture of what lies beneath.
Sandstone, chert. Age: Early Ordovician, 471 to 487 million years old. About 17 mi of the line.
Dolostone. Age: Early Ordovician, 471 to 487 million years old. About 4 mi of the line.
Dolostone. Age: Cambrian, 487 to 497 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
Rhyolite. Age: Mesoproterozoic, 1 to 1.6 billion years old. About 1 mi of the line.
From the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation (Horton and others, 2017), the states’ geologic maps joined at a common scale.
Heights from Copernicus GLO-90 (a surface model: it includes buildings and tree canopy); summits from USGS GNIS; rivers from USGS NHDPlus HR; rock from the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation.
A raindrop that lands in Winona reaches the Gulf of America by way of Pike Creek, the Current, the Black River, the White River and the Mississippi: about 1,100 river miles.
620 miles of the trip are on the Mississippi.
Traced down the USGS NHDPlus V2.1 river network from the Census center point of Winona; river miles along the main stem, rounded.
Winona has a humid subtropical climate. Summer afternoons average 90° in July; winter nights fall to about 20° in January. A normal year brings about 6 inches of snow; with the rain, that comes to about 49 inches of water.
Normals 1991–2020 and records since 1893 at Round Spring 2 SW, 19 miles north-northwest. NOAA, through RCC-ACIS.
