The Gilman plate. Relief from Copernicus GLO-30; rivers and lakes from USGS NHD; watersheds from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset; roads and city limits from Census TIGER 2024.
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74° on Nov. 11, 1904, the hottest reading for this week of the year since 1896. Next is 74° in 1905.
Gilman’s center stands about 4,010 ft above sea level. Within three miles the land runs from 3,900 ft to 4,190 ft, a difference of 290 ft: rolling country. The highest named summit within 15 miles is Roost Hill, about 6,730 ft, 15 miles west.
Under the town center the state geologic map shows Alluvium (gravel, sand, silt), from the Pleistocene to Holocene, less than 1.8 million years old.
The section below crosses 7 rock units mapped at the surface.
Heights every 0.1 mile from the Copernicus GLO-90 surface model; vertical exaggeration about 15×. The colored band under the surface is the rock the state geologic map shows at the surface, not a picture of what lies beneath.
Gravel, sand, silt. Age: Pleistocene to Holocene, less than 1.8 million years old. About 6 mi of the line.
Age: Late Miocene to Holocene, less than 7.2 million years old. About 5 mi of the line.
Sandstone, siltstone, mudstone. Age: Late Cretaceous, 66 to 84 million years old. About 4 mi of the line.
Volcanic. Age: Late Cretaceous, 66 to 84 million years old. About 4 mi of the line.
Sandstone. Age: Late Cretaceous, 66 to 72 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
Shale, siltstone, sandstone. Age: Late Cretaceous, 66 to 72 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
From the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation (Horton and others, 2017), the states’ geologic maps joined at a common scale. 1 smaller unit along the line are not listed.
Heights from Copernicus GLO-90 (a surface model: it includes buildings and tree canopy); summits from USGS GNIS; rivers from USGS NHDPlus HR; rock from the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation.
A raindrop that lands in Gilman reaches the Gulf of America by way of Elk Creek, the Sun River, the Missouri and the Mississippi: about 3,340 river miles.
Lakes on the way: Lake Oahe, Lake Sakakawea, Lake Fort Peck and Lake Sharpe.
1,170 miles of the trip are on the Mississippi.
Traced down the USGS NHDPlus V2.1 river network from the Census center point of Gilman; river miles along the main stem, rounded.
Gilman has a cold semi-arid climate. Summer afternoons average 82° in July; winter nights fall to about 16° in February. About 16 inches of rain fall in a normal year.
On November 14 Gilman normally reaches 45° and falls to 26°. The record high is 71°, in 1936; the record low −26°, in 1909. The most rain on this date, 0.25 in, fell in 1988.
Normals 1991–2020 and records since 1896 at Augusta, 2 miles west-southwest. NOAA, through RCC-ACIS.
