The Hays plate. Relief from Copernicus GLO-30; rivers and lakes from USGS NHD; watersheds from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset; roads and city limits from Census TIGER 2024.
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Hays’s center stands about 3,540 ft above sea level. Within three miles the land runs from 3,310 ft to 4,510 ft, a difference of 1,200 ft: steep hill country. The highest named summit within 15 miles is Antoine Butte, about 5,730 ft, 7 miles southeast.
The section below crosses 14 rock units mapped at the surface.
Heights every 0.1 mile from the Copernicus GLO-90 surface model; vertical exaggeration about 8×. The colored band under the surface is the rock the state geologic map shows at the surface, not a picture of what lies beneath.
Sandstone, shale. Age: Late Cretaceous, 72 to 84 million years old. About 7 mi of the line.
Age: Tertiary, 2.6 to 66 million years old. About 5 mi of the line.
Shale. Age: Late Cretaceous, 72 to 84 million years old. About 3 mi of the line.
Shale. Age: Late Cretaceous, 72 to 84 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
Shale, sandstone. Age: Early Cretaceous to Late Cretaceous, 94 to 113 million years old. About 1 mi of the line.
Limestone. Age: Early Mississippian to Middle Mississippian, 331 to 359 million years old. About 1 mi of the line.
From the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation (Horton and others, 2017), the states’ geologic maps joined at a common scale. 8 smaller units along the line are not listed.
Heights from Copernicus GLO-90 (a surface model: it includes buildings and tree canopy); summits from USGS GNIS; rivers from USGS NHDPlus HR; rock from the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation.
A raindrop that lands in Hays reaches the Gulf of America by way of Spotted Bird Creek, Jim Brown Creek, South Fork Peoples Creek, Peoples Creek, the Milk River, the Missouri and the Mississippi: about 3,270 river miles.
Lakes on the way: Lake Oahe, Lake Sakakawea, Lake Sharpe and Lake Francis Case.
1,170 miles of the trip are on the Mississippi.
Traced down the USGS NHDPlus V2.1 river network from the Census center point of Hays; river miles along the main stem, rounded.
