The Tolley plate. Relief from Copernicus GLO-30; rivers and lakes from USGS NHD; watersheds from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset; roads and city limits from Census TIGER 2024.
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71° on Nov. 12, 1999, the hottest reading for this week of the year since 1932. Next is 69° in 1961.
Tolley’s center stands about 1,850 ft above sea level. Within three miles the land runs from 1,600 ft to 1,860 ft, a difference of 260 ft: rolling country.
Under the town center the state geologic map shows Cannonball Formation (shale, sandstone), from the Paleocene, 56 to 66 million years old.
The section below crosses 2 rock units mapped at the surface.
Heights every 0.1 mile from the Copernicus GLO-90 surface model; vertical exaggeration about 52×. The colored band under the surface is the rock the state geologic map shows at the surface, not a picture of what lies beneath.
Shale, sandstone. Age: Paleocene, 56 to 66 million years old. About 15 mi of the line.
Claystone, siltstone. Age: Paleocene, 56 to 66 million years old. About 10 mi of the line.
From the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation (Horton and others, 2017), the states’ geologic maps joined at a common scale.
Heights from Copernicus GLO-90 (a surface model: it includes buildings and tree canopy); summits from USGS GNIS; rivers from USGS NHDPlus HR; rock from the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation.
A raindrop that lands in Tolley reaches Hudson Bay by way of the Souris, the Assiniboine, the Red River of the North and the Nelson: about 1,280 river miles. Past the border it runs north through Canada to Hudson Bay.
Lakes on the way: Lake Darling and Lake Winnipeg.
400 miles of the trip are on the Souris.
Traced down the USGS NHDPlus V2.1 river network from the Census center point of Tolley; river miles along the main stem, rounded.
Tolley has a warm-summer humid continental climate. Summer afternoons average 80° in July; winter nights fall to about 0° in January. About 20 inches of rain fall in a normal year.
On November 14 Tolley normally reaches 36° and falls to 17°. The record high is 68°, in 1939; the record low −17°, in 1940. The most rain on this date, 0.30 in, fell in 2013.
Normals 1991–2020 and records since 1932 at Kenmare 1 WSW, 13 miles west-southwest. NOAA, through RCC-ACIS.
