The Holland plate. Relief from Copernicus GLO-30; rivers and lakes from USGS NHD; watersheds from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset; roads and city limits from Census TIGER 2024.
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17° on Nov. 16, 2022, the coldest reading for this week of the year since 1940. Next is 19° in 2019.
Holland’s center stands about 270 ft above sea level. Within three miles the land runs from 120 ft to 780 ft, a difference of 660 ft: hilly country. The highest named summit within 15 miles is Scotts Mountain, about 1,290 ft, 15 miles north-northeast.
The section below crosses 13 rock units mapped at the surface.
Heights every 0.1 mile from the Copernicus GLO-90 surface model; vertical exaggeration about 23×. The colored band under the surface is the rock the state geologic map shows at the surface, not a picture of what lies beneath.
Mudstone. Age: Triassic, 202 to 252 million years old. About 8 mi of the line.
Conglomerate, sandstone. Age: Early Jurassic to Late Jurassic, 145 to 202 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
Age: Mesoproterozoic, 1 to 1.6 billion years old. About 2 mi of the line.
Dolostone. Age: Cambrian to Early Ordovician, 471 to 497 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
Basalt. Age: Jurassic, 145 to 202 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
Conglomerate-sandstone. Age: Early Jurassic to Late Jurassic, 145 to 202 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
From the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation (Horton and others, 2017), the states’ geologic maps joined at a common scale. 7 smaller units along the line are not listed.
Heights from Copernicus GLO-90 (a surface model: it includes buildings and tree canopy); summits from USGS GNIS; rivers from USGS NHDPlus HR; rock from the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation.
A raindrop that lands in Holland reaches Delaware Bay and the Atlantic Ocean by way of the Delaware: about 140 river miles.
Traced down the USGS NHDPlus V2.1 river network from the Census center point of Holland; river miles along the main stem, rounded.
Holland has a hot-summer humid continental climate. Summer afternoons average 86° in July; winter nights fall to about 21° in January. About 51 inches of rain fall in a normal year.
On November 14 Holland normally reaches 54° and falls to 33°. The record high is 66°, in 2010; the record low 19°, in 2019. The most rain on this date, 0.43 in, fell in 2008.
Normals 1991–2020 and records since 1940 at Phillipsburg-Easton Bridge, 9 miles north-northwest. NOAA, through RCC-ACIS.
