The Towaco plate. Relief from Copernicus GLO-30; rivers and lakes from USGS NHD; watersheds from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset; roads and city limits from Census TIGER 2024.
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13° on Nov. 16, 1996, the coldest reading for this week of the year since 1892. Next is 14° in 1933.
Towaco’s center stands about 260 ft above sea level. Within three miles the land runs from 170 ft to 860 ft, a difference of 690 ft: hilly country. The highest named summit within 15 miles is Bearfort Mountain, about 1,480 ft, 15 miles north.
Under the town center the state geologic map shows Hook Mt. Basalt, from the Early Jurassic, 175 to 202 million years old.
The section below crosses 16 rock units mapped at the surface.
Heights every 0.1 mile from the Copernicus GLO-90 surface model; vertical exaggeration about 15×. The colored band under the surface is the rock the state geologic map shows at the surface, not a picture of what lies beneath.
Granite. Age: Mesoproterozoic, 1.1 to 1.1 billion years old. About 4 mi of the line.
Sandstone, siltstone-mudstone. Age: Early Jurassic, 175 to 202 million years old. About 3 mi of the line.
Gneiss. Age: Mesoproterozoic, 1 to 1.6 billion years old. About 3 mi of the line.
Basalt. Age: Early Jurassic, 175 to 202 million years old. About 3 mi of the line.
Conglomerate-sandstone. Age: Early Jurassic to Late Jurassic, 145 to 202 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
Conglomerate. Age: Silurian, 428 to 445 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
From the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation (Horton and others, 2017), the states’ geologic maps joined at a common scale. 10 smaller units along the line are not listed.
Heights from Copernicus GLO-90 (a surface model: it includes buildings and tree canopy); summits from USGS GNIS; rivers from USGS NHDPlus HR; rock from the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation.
A raindrop that lands in Towaco reaches New York Harbor and the Atlantic Ocean by way of the Pompton and the Passaic: about 40 river miles.
Traced down the USGS NHDPlus V2.1 river network from the Census center point of Towaco; river miles along the main stem, rounded.
Towaco has a hot-summer humid continental climate. Summer afternoons average 86° in July; winter nights fall to about 21° in January. About 49 inches of rain fall in a normal year.
On November 14 Towaco normally reaches 53° and falls to 33°. The record high is 80°, in 1931; the record low 19°, in 2019. The most rain on this date, 2.10 in, fell in 1937.
Normals 1991–2020 and records since 1892 at Boonton 1 SE, 4 miles southwest. NOAA, through RCC-ACIS.
