The Caroga plate. Relief from Copernicus GLO-30; rivers and lakes from USGS NHD; watersheds from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset; roads and city limits from Census TIGER 2024.
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Caroga’s center stands about 1,780 ft above sea level. Within three miles the land runs from 1,440 ft to 2,010 ft, a difference of 570 ft: hilly country. The highest named summit within 15 miles is Three Ponds Mountain, about 3,010 ft, 13 miles northeast.
Under the town center the state geologic map shows Charnockite, granitic and quartz syenite gneiss (charnockite, gneiss), from the Mesoproterozoic, 1 to 1.6 billion years old.
The section below crosses 8 rock units mapped at the surface.
Heights every 0.1 mile from the Copernicus GLO-90 surface model; vertical exaggeration about 11×. The colored band under the surface is the rock the state geologic map shows at the surface, not a picture of what lies beneath.
Charnockite, gneiss. Age: Mesoproterozoic, 1 to 1.6 billion years old. About 7 mi of the line.
Gneiss. Age: Mesoproterozoic, 1 to 1.6 billion years old. About 5 mi of the line.
Quartzite, schist. Age: Mesoproterozoic, 1 to 1.6 billion years old. About 3 mi of the line.
Gneiss. Age: Mesoproterozoic, 1 to 1.6 billion years old. About 3 mi of the line.
Hornblende-gneiss. Age: Mesoproterozoic, 1 to 1.6 billion years old. About 2 mi of the line.
Dolostone. Age: Cambrian, 487 to 542 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
From the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation (Horton and others, 2017), the states’ geologic maps joined at a common scale. 2 smaller units along the line are not listed.
Heights from Copernicus GLO-90 (a surface model: it includes buildings and tree canopy); summits from USGS GNIS; rivers from USGS NHDPlus HR; rock from the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation.
A raindrop that lands in Caroga reaches New York Harbor and the Atlantic Ocean by way of Sprite Creek, East Canada Creek, the Mohawk and the Hudson: about 260 river miles.
160 miles of the trip are on the Hudson.
Traced down the USGS NHDPlus V2.1 river network from the Census center point of Caroga; river miles along the main stem, rounded.
