The Oneida Castle plate. Relief from Copernicus GLO-30; rivers and lakes from USGS NHD; watersheds from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset; roads and city limits from Census TIGER 2024.
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73° on Nov. 15, 1956, the hottest reading for this week of the year since 1902. Next is 73° in 2012.
Oneida Castle’s center stands about 460 ft above sea level. Within three miles the land runs from 420 ft to 1,260 ft, a difference of 840 ft: hilly country. The highest named summit within 15 miles is Mutton Hill, about 1,860 ft, 10 miles south-southwest.
Under the town center the state geologic map shows Lockport Group (dolostone), from the Silurian, 425 to 428 million years old.
The section below crosses 12 rock units mapped at the surface.
Heights every 0.1 mile from the Copernicus GLO-90 surface model; vertical exaggeration about 14×. The colored band under the surface is the rock the state geologic map shows at the surface, not a picture of what lies beneath.
Shale. Age: Silurian, 434 to 445 million years old. About 4 mi of the line.
Black-shale. Age: Middle Devonian, 388 to 394 million years old. About 4 mi of the line.
Siltstone, shale. Age: Late Ordovician, 445 to 459 million years old. About 3 mi of the line.
Limestone. Age: Early Devonian, 394 to 422 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
Black-shale. Age: Middle Ordovician, 459 to 471 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
Shale. Age: Middle Devonian, 384 to 394 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
From the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation (Horton and others, 2017), the states’ geologic maps joined at a common scale. 6 smaller units along the line are not listed.
Heights from Copernicus GLO-90 (a surface model: it includes buildings and tree canopy); summits from USGS GNIS; rivers from USGS NHDPlus HR; rock from the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation.
A raindrop that lands in Oneida Castle reaches Lake Ontario by way of Sconondoa Creek, Oneida Creek, the Oneida and the Oswego: about 80 river miles. From the lake it goes down the St. Lawrence to the Atlantic.
Lake on the way: Oneida Lake.
Traced down the USGS NHDPlus V2.1 river network from the Census center point of Oneida Castle; river miles along the main stem, rounded.
Oneida Castle has a hot-summer humid continental climate. Summer afternoons average 82° in July; winter nights fall to about 16° in January. A normal year brings about 128 inches of snow; with the rain, that comes to about 40 inches of water.
On November 14 Oneida Castle normally reaches 49° and falls to 33°. The record high is 72°, in 1994; the record low 12°, in 1905. The most rain on this date, 0.95 in, fell in 1995.
Normals 1991–2020 and records since 1902 from the Syracuse Area threaded record (Syracuse Hancock International Airport, 24 miles west). NOAA, through RCC-ACIS.
