The Madeira plate. Relief from Copernicus GLO-30; rivers and lakes from USGS NHD; watersheds from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset; roads and city limits from Census TIGER 2024.
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3.00 inches of rain fell in two days, the most for this week of the year since records began in 1948. The next wettest, 2.74 inches, fell in 2005.
Madeira’s center stands about 800 ft above sea level. Within three miles the land runs from 590 ft to 900 ft, a difference of 310 ft: rolling country.
Under the town center the state geologic map shows Grant Lake and Fairview Formations, Miamitown Shale, Undivided (shale, limestone), from the Late Ordovician, 445 to 459 million years old.
The section below crosses 6 rock units mapped at the surface.
Heights every 0.1 mile from the Copernicus GLO-90 surface model; vertical exaggeration about 38×. The colored band under the surface is the rock the state geologic map shows at the surface, not a picture of what lies beneath.
Shale, limestone. Age: Late Ordovician, 445 to 459 million years old. About 12 mi of the line.
Shale, limestone. Age: Late Ordovician, 445 to 454 million years old. About 6 mi of the line.
Shale. Age: Middle Ordovician to Late Ordovician, 445 to 471 million years old. About 4 mi of the line.
Limestone, shale. Age: Late Ordovician, 445 to 459 million years old. About 1 mi of the line.
Shale, limestone. Age: Ordovician, 445 to 487 million years old. About 0.8 mi of the line.
Sand, silt. Age: Pleistocene to Holocene, less than 2.6 million years old. About 0.7 mi of the line.
From the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation (Horton and others, 2017), the states’ geologic maps joined at a common scale.
Heights from Copernicus GLO-90 (a surface model: it includes buildings and tree canopy); summits from USGS GNIS; rivers from USGS NHDPlus HR; rock from the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation.
A raindrop that lands in Madeira reaches the Gulf of America by way of Sycamore Creek, the Little Miami, the Ohio and the Mississippi: about 1,510 river miles.
970 miles of the trip are on the Mississippi.
Traced down the USGS NHDPlus V2.1 river network from the Census center point of Madeira; river miles along the main stem, rounded.
Madeira has a hot-summer humid continental climate. Summer afternoons average 87° in July; winter nights fall to about 24° in January. About 43 inches of rain fall in a normal year.
On November 14 Madeira normally reaches 56° and falls to 34°. The record high is 77°, in 1971; the record low 14°, in 1986. The most rain on this date, 1.35 in, fell in 1993.
Normals 1991–2020 and records since 1948 at Cincinnati Municipal Airport Lunken Field, 7 miles south-southwest, 320 ft lower. NOAA, through RCC-ACIS.
