The Cummings plate. Relief from Copernicus GLO-30; rivers and lakes from USGS NHD; watersheds from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset; roads and city limits from Census TIGER 2024.
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13° on Nov. 11, 2017, the coldest reading for this week of the year since 1948. Next is 15° in 1986.
Cummings’s center stands about 1,510 ft above sea level. Within three miles the land runs from 710 ft to 2,120 ft, a difference of 1,410 ft: steep hill country. The highest named summit within 15 miles is Laurel Mountain, about 2,350 ft, 15 miles northeast.
Under the town center the state geologic map shows Huntley Mountain Formation (sandstone, siltstone), from the Devonian to Carboniferous, 324 to 422 million years old.
The section below crosses 7 rock units mapped at the surface.
Heights every 0.1 mile from the Copernicus GLO-90 surface model; vertical exaggeration about 12×. The colored band under the surface is the rock the state geologic map shows at the surface, not a picture of what lies beneath.
Sandstone, siltstone, shale. Age: Late Devonian, 359 to 384 million years old. About 7 mi of the line.
Sandstone. Age: Carboniferous, 324 to 359 million years old. About 6 mi of the line.
Sandstone, siltstone. Age: Devonian to Carboniferous, 324 to 422 million years old. About 5 mi of the line.
Shale, siltstone, sandstone. Age: Carboniferous, 324 to 359 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
Black-shale. Age: Early Devonian to Middle Devonian, 384 to 422 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
Sandstone, siltstone, mudstone. Age: Late Devonian, 359 to 384 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
From the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation (Horton and others, 2017), the states’ geologic maps joined at a common scale. 1 smaller unit along the line are not listed.
Heights from Copernicus GLO-90 (a surface model: it includes buildings and tree canopy); summits from USGS GNIS; rivers from USGS NHDPlus HR; rock from the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation.
A raindrop that lands in Cummings reaches Chesapeake Bay and the Atlantic Ocean by way of English Run, Little Pine Creek, Pine Creek, the West Branch Susquehanna and the Susquehanna: about 210 river miles.
Lake on the way: Lake Aldred.
85 miles of the trip are on the Susquehanna.
Traced down the USGS NHDPlus V2.1 river network from the Census center point of Cummings; river miles along the main stem, rounded.
Cummings has a hot-summer humid continental climate. Summer afternoons average 85° in July; winter nights fall to about 18° in January. A normal year brings about 30 inches of snow; with the rain, that comes to about 42 inches of water.
On November 14 Cummings normally reaches 51° and falls to 31°. The record high is 64°, in 2011; the record low 20°, in 2004. The most rain on this date, 0.57 in, fell in 1997.
Normals 1991–2020 and records since 1948 at Lock Haven Sewage Plant, 16 miles south-southwest, 940 ft lower. NOAA, through RCC-ACIS.
