The Juniata plate. Relief from Copernicus GLO-30; rivers and lakes from USGS NHD; watersheds from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset; roads and city limits from Census TIGER 2024.
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Juniata’s center stands about 1,520 ft above sea level. Within three miles the land runs from 1,210 ft to 2,110 ft, a difference of 900 ft: steep hill country. The highest named summit within 15 miles is Martin Hill, about 2,790 ft, 13 miles southeast.
Under the town center the state geologic map shows Brallier and Harrell Formations, undivided (siltstone, shale), from the Late Devonian, 359 to 384 million years old.
The section below crosses 15 rock units mapped at the surface.
Heights every 0.1 mile from the Copernicus GLO-90 surface model; vertical exaggeration about 10×. The colored band under the surface is the rock the state geologic map shows at the surface, not a picture of what lies beneath.
Siltstone, shale. Age: Late Devonian, 359 to 384 million years old. About 8 mi of the line.
Siltstone. Age: Late Devonian, 359 to 384 million years old. About 5 mi of the line.
Sandstone, siltstone, shale. Age: Late Devonian, 359 to 384 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
Shale. Age: Carboniferous, 299 to 324 million years old. About 1 mi of the line.
Sandstone. Age: Late Devonian, 359 to 384 million years old. About 1 mi of the line.
Shale, sandstone. Age: Silurian, 422 to 445 million years old. About 1 mi of the line.
From the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation (Horton and others, 2017), the states’ geologic maps joined at a common scale. 9 smaller units along the line are not listed.
Heights from Copernicus GLO-90 (a surface model: it includes buildings and tree canopy); summits from USGS GNIS; rivers from USGS NHDPlus HR; rock from the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation.
A raindrop that lands in Juniata reaches Chesapeake Bay and the Atlantic Ocean by way of the Raystown Branch Juniata, the Juniata and the Susquehanna: about 290 river miles.
Lakes on the way: Lake Aldred and Raystown Lake.
90 miles of the trip are on the Juniata.
Traced down the USGS NHDPlus V2.1 river network from the Census center point of Juniata; river miles along the main stem, rounded.
