The Oneida plate. Relief from Copernicus GLO-30; rivers and lakes from USGS NHD; watersheds from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset; roads and city limits from Census TIGER 2024.
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Oneida’s center stands about 1,690 ft above sea level. Within three miles the land runs from 980 ft to 1,950 ft, a difference of 970 ft: steep hill country. The highest named summit within 15 miles is Bears Head, about 2,090 ft, 5 miles south-southeast.
The section below crosses 9 rock units mapped at the surface.
Heights every 0.1 mile from the Copernicus GLO-90 surface model; vertical exaggeration about 13×. The colored band under the surface is the rock the state geologic map shows at the surface, not a picture of what lies beneath.
Shale, siltstone, sandstone. Age: Carboniferous, 324 to 359 million years old. About 13 mi of the line.
Sandstone. Age: Carboniferous, 299 to 324 million years old. About 4 mi of the line.
Sandstone. Age: Carboniferous, 299 to 324 million years old. About 3 mi of the line.
Siltstone, shale. Age: Late Devonian, 359 to 384 million years old. About 0.9 mi of the line.
Siltstone. Age: Late Devonian, 359 to 384 million years old. About 0.8 mi of the line.
Black-shale. Age: Early Devonian to Middle Devonian, 384 to 422 million years old. About 0.8 mi of the line.
From the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation (Horton and others, 2017), the states’ geologic maps joined at a common scale. 3 smaller units along the line are not listed.
Heights from Copernicus GLO-90 (a surface model: it includes buildings and tree canopy); summits from USGS GNIS; rivers from USGS NHDPlus HR; rock from the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation.
A raindrop that lands in Oneida reaches Chesapeake Bay and the Atlantic Ocean by way of Little Tomhicken Creek, Tomhicken Creek, Catawissa Creek and the Susquehanna: about 180 river miles.
Lake on the way: Lake Aldred.
110 miles of the trip are on the Susquehanna.
Traced down the USGS NHDPlus V2.1 river network from the Census center point of Oneida; river miles along the main stem, rounded.
