The Sand Hill plate. Relief from Copernicus GLO-30; rivers and lakes from USGS NHD; watersheds from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset; roads and city limits from Census TIGER 2024.
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75° on Nov. 15, 1993, the hottest reading for this week of the year since 1948. Next is 74° in 1973.
Sand Hill’s center stands about 620 ft above sea level. Within three miles the land runs from 440 ft to 690 ft, a difference of 250 ft: rolling country. The highest named summit within 15 miles is Second Mountain, about 1,350 ft, 12 miles north-northwest.
The section below crosses 17 rock units mapped at the surface.
Heights every 0.1 mile from the Copernicus GLO-90 surface model; vertical exaggeration about 17×. The colored band under the surface is the rock the state geologic map shows at the surface, not a picture of what lies beneath.
Shale. Age: Ordovician, 445 to 487 million years old. About 7 mi of the line.
Basalt. Age: Jurassic, 145 to 202 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
Dolostone. Age: Cambrian, 487 to 542 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
Graywacke. Age: Ordovician, 445 to 487 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
Shale, siltstone. Age: Ordovician, 445 to 487 million years old. About 1 mi of the line.
Sandstone. Age: Triassic, 202 to 252 million years old. About 1 mi of the line.
From the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation (Horton and others, 2017), the states’ geologic maps joined at a common scale. 11 smaller units along the line are not listed.
Heights from Copernicus GLO-90 (a surface model: it includes buildings and tree canopy); summits from USGS GNIS; rivers from USGS NHDPlus HR; rock from the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation.
A raindrop that lands in Sand Hill reaches Chesapeake Bay and the Atlantic Ocean by way of Quittapahilla Creek, Swatara Creek and the Susquehanna: about 100 river miles.
Lake on the way: Lake Aldred.
Traced down the USGS NHDPlus V2.1 river network from the Census center point of Sand Hill; river miles along the main stem, rounded.
Sand Hill has a hot-summer humid continental climate. Summer afternoons average 84° in July; winter nights fall to about 22° in January. A normal year brings about 24 inches of snow; with the rain, that comes to about 46 inches of water.
On November 14 Sand Hill normally reaches 53° and falls to 34°. The record high is 72°, in 1989; the record low 17°, in 1986. The most rain on this date, 1.69 in, fell in 1972.
Normals 1991–2020 and records since 1948 at Lebanon 2 W, 2 miles southwest, 170 ft lower. NOAA, through RCC-ACIS.
