The Pleasant Valley Colony plate. Relief from Copernicus GLO-30; rivers and lakes from USGS NHD; watersheds from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset; roads and city limits from Census TIGER 2024.
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74° on Nov. 14, 1999, the hottest reading for this week of the year since 1893. Next is 73° in 1953.
Pleasant Valley Colony’s center stands about 1,640 ft above sea level. Within three miles the land runs from 1,550 ft to 1,690 ft, a difference of 140 ft: gently rolling country.
Under the town center the state geologic map shows Cretaceous, undifferentiated (chert, shale, chalk), from the Early Cretaceous to Late Cretaceous, 66 to 145 million years old.
The section below crosses 4 rock units mapped at the surface.
Heights every 0.1 mile from the Copernicus GLO-90 surface model; vertical exaggeration about 64×. The colored band under the surface is the rock the state geologic map shows at the surface, not a picture of what lies beneath.
Quartzite, mudstone. Age: Paleoproterozoic, 1.6 to 2 billion years old. About 11 mi of the line.
Chert, shale, chalk. Age: Early Cretaceous to Late Cretaceous, 66 to 145 million years old. About 6 mi of the line.
Shale, bentonite. Age: Late Cretaceous, 66 to 100 million years old. About 5 mi of the line.
Chalk, marlstone, shale. Age: Late Cretaceous, 66 to 100 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
From the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation (Horton and others, 2017), the states’ geologic maps joined at a common scale.
Heights from Copernicus GLO-90 (a surface model: it includes buildings and tree canopy); summits from USGS GNIS; rivers from USGS NHDPlus HR; rock from the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation.
A raindrop that lands in Pleasant Valley Colony reaches the Gulf of America by way of the Big Sioux, the Missouri and the Mississippi: about 2,130 river miles.
1,170 miles of the trip are on the Mississippi.
Traced down the USGS NHDPlus V2.1 river network from the Census center point of Pleasant Valley Colony; river miles along the main stem, rounded.
Pleasant Valley Colony has a warm-summer humid continental climate. Summer afternoons average 81° in July; winter nights fall to about 3° in January. A normal year brings about 40 inches of snow; with the rain, that comes to about 28 inches of water.
On November 14 Pleasant Valley Colony normally reaches 42° and falls to 22°. The record high is 74°, in 1999; the record low −18°, in 1959. The most rain on this date, 1.30 in, fell in 1909.
Normals 1991–2020 and records since 1893 at Flandreau, 7 miles west. NOAA, through RCC-ACIS.
