The Earlysville plate. Relief from Copernicus GLO-30; rivers and lakes from USGS NHD; watersheds from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset; roads and city limits from Census TIGER 2024.
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3.57 inches of rain fell in two days, the most for this week of the year since records began in 1893. The next wettest, 3.37 inches, fell in 1927.
Earlysville’s center stands about 650 ft above sea level. Within three miles the land runs from 410 ft to 710 ft, a difference of 300 ft: rolling country. The highest named summit within 15 miles is Hightop, about 3,590 ft, 13 miles north-northwest.
Under the town center the state geologic map shows Porphyoblastic Biotite-Plagioclase Augen Gneiss (biotite-gneiss), from the Mesoproterozoic, 1 to 1.6 billion years old.
The section below crosses 13 rock units mapped at the surface.
Heights every 0.1 mile from the Copernicus GLO-90 surface model; vertical exaggeration about 8×. The colored band under the surface is the rock the state geologic map shows at the surface, not a picture of what lies beneath.
Metabasalt. Age: Neoproterozoic to Cambrian, 487 to 1,000 million years old. About 6 mi of the line.
Biotite-gneiss. Age: Mesoproterozoic, 1 to 1.6 billion years old. About 5 mi of the line.
Granulite. Age: Mesoproterozoic, 1 to 1.6 billion years old. About 4 mi of the line.
Argillite. Age: Neoproterozoic, 542 to 1,000 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
Metagraywacke. Age: Neoproterozoic, 542 to 1,000 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
Gneiss. Age: Mesoproterozoic, 1 to 1.6 billion years old. About 1 mi of the line.
From the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation (Horton and others, 2017), the states’ geologic maps joined at a common scale. 7 smaller units along the line are not listed.
Heights from Copernicus GLO-90 (a surface model: it includes buildings and tree canopy); summits from USGS GNIS; rivers from USGS NHDPlus HR; rock from the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation.
A raindrop that lands in Earlysville reaches Chesapeake Bay and the Atlantic Ocean by way of the North Fork Rivanna, the Rivanna and the James: about 210 river miles.
160 miles of the trip are on the James.
Traced down the USGS NHDPlus V2.1 river network from the Census center point of Earlysville; river miles along the main stem, rounded.
Earlysville has a humid subtropical climate. Summer afternoons average 90° in July; winter nights fall to about 29° in January. About 42 inches of rain fall in a normal year.
On November 14 Earlysville normally reaches 60° and falls to 39°. The record high is 81°, in 1955; the record low 17°, in 1986. The most rain on this date, 2.23 in, fell in 1940.
Normals 1991–2020 and records since 1893 from the Charlottesville Area threaded record (Charlottesville Albemarle Airport, 2 miles southeast). NOAA, through RCC-ACIS.
