The Holland plate. Relief from Copernicus GLO-30; rivers and lakes from USGS NHD; watersheds from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset; roads and city limits from Census TIGER 2024.
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72° on Nov. 11, 2022, the hottest reading for this week of the year since 1924. Next is 67° in 2001.
Holland’s center stands about 760 ft above sea level. Within three miles the land runs from 670 ft to 950 ft, a difference of 280 ft: rolling country.
Under the town center the state geologic map shows Maquoketa Formation (shale, dolostone), from the Ordovician, 445 to 487 million years old.
The section below crosses 2 rock units mapped at the surface.
Heights every 0.1 mile from the Copernicus GLO-90 surface model; vertical exaggeration about 53×. The colored band under the surface is the rock the state geologic map shows at the surface, not a picture of what lies beneath.
Shale, dolostone. Age: Ordovician, 445 to 487 million years old. About 21 mi of the line.
Dolostone. Age: Silurian, 422 to 445 million years old. About 3 mi of the line.
From the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation (Horton and others, 2017), the states’ geologic maps joined at a common scale.
Heights from Copernicus GLO-90 (a surface model: it includes buildings and tree canopy); summits from USGS GNIS; rivers from USGS NHDPlus HR; rock from the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation.
A raindrop that lands in Holland reaches Lake Michigan by way of the East River and the Fox River: about 30 river miles. From there it moves on through the Great Lakes, over Niagara Falls and down the St. Lawrence to the Atlantic.
Traced down the USGS NHDPlus V2.1 river network from the Census center point of Holland; river miles along the main stem, rounded.
Holland has a warm-summer humid continental climate. Summer afternoons average 82° in July; winter nights fall to about 10° in January. A normal year brings about 43 inches of snow; with the rain, that comes to about 32 inches of water.
Normals 1991–2020 and records since 1924 at Brillion, 8 miles south. NOAA, through RCC-ACIS.
