The Land O'Lakes plate. Relief from Copernicus GLO-30; rivers and lakes from USGS NHD; watersheds from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset; roads and city limits from Census TIGER 2024.
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63° on Nov. 14, 1999, the hottest reading for this week of the year since 1939. Next is 63° in 2023.
Land O'Lakes’s center stands about 1,760 ft above sea level. Within three miles the land runs from 1,680 ft to 1,830 ft, a difference of 150 ft: gently rolling country.
Under the town center the state geologic map shows Migmatitic gneiss and amphibolite (Late to Early Archean) (gneiss, amphibolite), from the Paleoarchean, 3.2 to 3.6 billion years old.
The section below crosses 6 rock units mapped at the surface.
Heights every 0.1 mile from the Copernicus GLO-90 surface model; vertical exaggeration about 64×. The colored band under the surface is the rock the state geologic map shows at the surface, not a picture of what lies beneath.
Metagraywacke. Age: Paleoproterozoic, 1.6 to 2.5 billion years old. About 9 mi of the line.
Gneiss, amphibolite, migmatite. Age: Paleoarchean to Neoarchean, 2.5 to 3.6 billion years old. About 7 mi of the line.
Gneiss, amphibolite. Age: Paleoarchean, 3.2 to 3.6 billion years old. About 4 mi of the line.
Banded-iron-formation. Age: Paleoproterozoic, 1.6 to 2.5 billion years old. About 2 mi of the line.
Banded-iron-formation. Age: Paleoproterozoic, 1.6 to 2.5 billion years old. About 2 mi of the line.
Basalt, basaltic-andesite. Age: Paleoproterozoic, 1.6 to 2.5 billion years old. About 1 mi of the line.
From the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation (Horton and others, 2017), the states’ geologic maps joined at a common scale.
Heights from Copernicus GLO-90 (a surface model: it includes buildings and tree canopy); summits from USGS GNIS; rivers from USGS NHDPlus HR; rock from the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation.
Land O'Lakes straddles the St. Lawrence Divide. Rain on the south side runs to the Gulf of America; most of the rest goes to Lake Superior.
From the center of town, a raindrop reaches Lake Superior by way of Spring Creek, the Cisco Branch Ontonagon, the South Branch Ontonagon, the West Branch Ontonagon and the Ontonagon: about 110 river miles. From there it moves on through the Great Lakes, over Niagara Falls and down the St. Lawrence to the Atlantic. One that lands on the south side reaches the Gulf of America by way of Pickerel Creek, Portage Creek, the Wisconsin and the Mississippi: about 2,030 river miles.
Lake on the way: Michigan Bay.
Traced down the USGS NHDPlus V2.1 river network from the Census center point of Land O'Lakes; river miles along the main stem, rounded.
Land O'Lakes has a warm-summer humid continental climate. Summer afternoons average 78° in July; winter nights fall to about 2° in January. A normal year brings about 76 inches of snow; with the rain, that comes to about 32 inches of water.
On November 14 Land O'Lakes normally reaches 39° and falls to 22°. The record high is 63°, in 1999; the record low 3°, in 2014. The most rain on this date, 0.75 in, fell in 2000.
Normals 1991–2020 and records since 1939 at Eagle River, 17 miles south-southeast, 140 ft lower. NOAA, through RCC-ACIS.
