The Etna plate. Relief from Copernicus GLO-30; rivers and lakes from USGS NHD; watersheds from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset; roads and city limits from Census TIGER 2024.
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Etna’s center stands about 5,810 ft above sea level. Within three miles the land runs from 5,690 ft to 7,890 ft, a difference of 2,200 ft: mountain country. The highest named summit within 15 miles is Man Peak, about 10,280 ft, 11 miles east-southeast.
Under the town center the state geologic map shows Alluvium and Colluvium (clay, silt, sand), from the Pleistocene to Holocene, less than 2.6 million years old.
The section below crosses 8 rock units mapped at the surface.
Heights every 0.1 mile from the Copernicus GLO-90 surface model; vertical exaggeration about 5×. The colored band under the surface is the rock the state geologic map shows at the surface, not a picture of what lies beneath.
Dolostone, limestone. Age: Middle Cambrian to Late Ordovician, 445 to 521 million years old. About 6 mi of the line.
Clay, silt, sand. Age: Pleistocene to Holocene, less than 2.6 million years old. About 4 mi of the line.
Sandstone, limestone. Age: Jurassic, 145 to 202 million years old. About 4 mi of the line.
Sandstone, shale. Age: Cretaceous, 66 to 145 million years old. About 4 mi of the line.
Mixed-clastic, volcanic. Age: Early Miocene to Pleistocene, 2 to 16 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
Limestone, dolostone. Age: Late Devonian to Carboniferous, 324 to 384 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
From the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation (Horton and others, 2017), the states’ geologic maps joined at a common scale. 2 smaller units along the line are not listed.
Heights from Copernicus GLO-90 (a surface model: it includes buildings and tree canopy); summits from USGS GNIS; rivers from USGS NHDPlus HR; rock from the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation.
A raindrop that lands in Etna reaches the Pacific Ocean by way of the Salt River, the Snake and the Columbia: about 1,240 river miles.
Lakes on the way: American Falls Reservoir, Palisades Reservoir, Lake Umatilla and Brownlee Reservoir.
Traced down the USGS NHDPlus V2.1 river network from the Census center point of Etna; river miles along the main stem, rounded.
