The Hudson plate. Relief from Copernicus GLO-30; rivers and lakes from USGS NHD; watersheds from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset; roads and city limits from Census TIGER 2024.
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−25° on Nov. 13, 1916, the coldest reading for this week of the year since 1891. Next is −22° in 1919.
Hudson’s center stands about 5,100 ft above sea level. Within three miles the land runs from 5,040 ft to 5,470 ft, a difference of 430 ft: hilly country. The highest named summit within 15 miles is Table Mountain, about 7,390 ft, 15 miles southwest.
Under the town center the state geologic map shows Alluvium and Colluvium (clay, silt, sand), from the Pleistocene to Holocene, less than 2.6 million years old.
The section below crosses 6 rock units mapped at the surface.
Heights every 0.1 mile from the Copernicus GLO-90 surface model; vertical exaggeration about 14×. The colored band under the surface is the rock the state geologic map shows at the surface, not a picture of what lies beneath.
Clay, silt, sand. Age: Pleistocene to Holocene, less than 2.6 million years old. About 11 mi of the line.
Shale, siltstone. Age: Late Cretaceous, 78 to 83 million years old. About 4 mi of the line.
Claystone. Age: Eocene, 34 to 56 million years old. About 3 mi of the line.
Shale, sandstone. Age: Late Cretaceous, 66 to 100 million years old. About 3 mi of the line.
Shale. Age: Early Cretaceous, 100 to 145 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
Gravel. Age: Pleistocene to Holocene, less than 2.6 million years old. About 0.8 mi of the line.
From the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation (Horton and others, 2017), the states’ geologic maps joined at a common scale.
Heights from Copernicus GLO-90 (a surface model: it includes buildings and tree canopy); summits from USGS GNIS; rivers from USGS NHDPlus HR; rock from the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation.
A raindrop that lands in Hudson reaches the Gulf of America by way of the Popo Agie, the Little Wind, the Wind River, the Bighorn, the Yellowstone, the Missouri and the Mississippi: about 3,400 river miles.
Lakes on the way: Lake Oahe, Lake Sakakawea, Lake Sharpe and Lake Francis Case.
1,170 miles of the trip are on the Mississippi.
Traced down the USGS NHDPlus V2.1 river network from the Census center point of Hudson; river miles along the main stem, rounded.
Hudson has a warm-summer humid continental climate. Summer afternoons average 88° in July; winter nights fall to about 10° in January. A normal year brings about 88 inches of snow; with the rain, that comes to about 13 inches of water.
On November 14 Hudson normally reaches 45° and falls to 21°. The record high is 71°, in 1894; the record low −14°, in 1959. The most rain on this date, 0.88 in, fell in 1991.
Normals 1991–2020 and records since 1891 from the Lander Area threaded record (Lander Airport, 9 miles southwest, 470 ft higher). NOAA, through RCC-ACIS.
