The Wales plate. Relief from Copernicus GLO-30; rivers and lakes from USGS NHD; watersheds from the USGS Watershed Boundary Dataset; roads and city limits from Census TIGER 2024.
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78° on Nov. 11, 2020, the hottest reading for this week of the year since 1948. Next is 72° in 2012.
Wales’s center stands about 1,190 ft above sea level. Within three miles the land runs from 900 ft to 1,500 ft, a difference of 600 ft: hilly country. The highest named summit within 15 miles is South Hill, about 1,820 ft, 13 miles southwest.
Under the town center the state geologic map shows Angola and Rhinestreet Shales, from the Late Devonian, 359 to 384 million years old.
The section below crosses 6 rock units mapped at the surface.
Heights every 0.1 mile from the Copernicus GLO-90 surface model; vertical exaggeration about 16×. The colored band under the surface is the rock the state geologic map shows at the surface, not a picture of what lies beneath.
Shale. Age: Late Devonian, 359 to 384 million years old. About 13 mi of the line.
Shale, siltstone, sandstone. Age: Late Devonian, 359 to 384 million years old. About 6 mi of the line.
Shale, limestone. Age: Middle Devonian, 384 to 388 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
Sandstone. Age: Late Devonian, 359 to 384 million years old. About 2 mi of the line.
Shale. Age: Middle Devonian, 384 to 388 million years old. About 0.9 mi of the line.
Shale. Age: Late Devonian, 359 to 384 million years old. About 0.5 mi of the line.
From the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation (Horton and others, 2017), the states’ geologic maps joined at a common scale.
Heights from Copernicus GLO-90 (a surface model: it includes buildings and tree canopy); summits from USGS GNIS; rivers from USGS NHDPlus HR; rock from the USGS State Geologic Map Compilation.
A raindrop that lands in Wales reaches Lake Erie by way of Buffalo Creek and the Buffalo: about 35 river miles. From there it moves on through the Great Lakes, over Niagara Falls and down the St. Lawrence to the Atlantic.
Traced down the USGS NHDPlus V2.1 river network from the Census center point of Wales; river miles along the main stem, rounded.
Wales has a warm-summer humid continental climate. Summer afternoons average 79° in July; winter nights fall to about 15° in January. A normal year brings about 109 inches of snow; with the rain, that comes to about 44 inches of water.
On November 14 Wales normally reaches 48° and falls to 31°. The record high is 67°, in 2010; the record low 8°, in 2019. The most rain on this date, 0.66 in, fell in 1992.
Normals 1991–2020 and records since 1948 at Wales, here. NOAA, through RCC-ACIS.
